Aquionics News - a Halma PR news blog

Aquionics’ InLine+ series of UV water disinfection systems are now fully validated in accordance with the USEPA UV Disinfection Guidance Manual (UVDGM). The validation certifies the use of the systems for the Long Term 2 Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule (LT2ESWTR) released by EPA in November 2006.

The testing was conducted by Carollo Engineers at its Portland, Oregon validation facility and covered a three-dimensional matrix of UV transmittance, flow and reduction equivalent dose, using both T1 and MS-2 phage test surrogates.  Dose delivery equations were derived for all reactors that predict T1 and MS-2 RED as a function of flow, UV-T, UV sensor readings, and microbe UV sensitivity.

“We are delighted to have achieved this important validation as it confirms our position at the forefront of UV disinfection technology,” comments Aquionics President Bill Decker. “From the time we supplied some of the very first UV drinking water disinfection units in the USA in 1987, we have been actively involved in providing communities with safe, reliable UV disinfection for drinking water and this latest validation continues our long tradition of investing in the industry.  We are proud to be able to offer communities the choice of using our state-of-the-art UV disinfection systems, knowing that they meet the very latest and most stringent drinking water standards. I would also like to add that Aquionics products are no longer subject to any Cryptosporidium or Giardia Patent fees for UV disinfection applications worldwide.”

Aquionics is pleased to announce that it is now manufacturing UV disinfection systems fabricated from American domestic steel and completely assembled at its recently expanded Erlanger, Kentucky facility.  This means its UV systems now fully comply with the provisions of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Pub. L. No. 111-5) and published OMB Guidance (2 CFR Part 176, Appendix 9).

Aquionics technology allows big reduction in capital costs

Most UV installations for water and wastewater treatment, whether they are closed-vessel, medium pressure systems or open-channel, low pressure systems, are situated in permanent structures. It was therefore a slightly unusual request when Aquionics, the US-based UV disinfection specialist and subsidiary of Halma p.l.c., was asked to help design a mobile UV disinfection system for a Native American tribal reservation in rural Montana.

The Flathead Reservation of the Confederated Salish and Kootenai Tribes, situated in north-west Montana near the Canadian border, needed to treat secondary wastewater at two remote sites. As is commonplace in the Midwest, where land is plentiful, the Tribes use aerated lagoons to provide secondary treatment of their wastewater. Each site, situated approximately 25 kilometres apart, consists of a two-cell lagoon structure, the first an aeration lagoon and the second lagoon for storage prior to final disinfection and discharge into local watercourses.

Each site needs to be discharged every three-four months – whenever the secondary lagoon is full. Prior to discharge the wastewater must be disinfected so that the BOD (Biological Oxygen Demand) value is no higher than the discharge permit of 30 mg/litre and that the faecal coliform count is below 200 units/100ml. The Tribes had originally considered installing fixed, open channel UV disinfection systems at each location for the final treatment stage, but it was concerned about the huge expense.

Aquionics’ local representative, Doug Mitch of Able Wright, worked closely with the Tribes’ in-house engineering staff to develop an alternative approach. The solution was a turn-key mobile disinfection unit capable of serving both wastewater facilities. Consisting of a 2.5 x 4.8 metre enclosed trailer, it contains a pair of Aquionics closed vessel disinfection chambers installed in series and fitted with medium pressure UV lamps. In addition there are various associated controls, an end-suction centrifugal pump and piping system, and lights, ventilation and cam-lock hose connections located on the exterior.

The only additional site work required at the two lagoons was the installation of single phase 230V buried power supplies and outlet pedestals at the discharge locations, situated on the dykes surrounding the lagoons. The suction hose is connected to a pipe that extends into the lagoon, with the opening 30cm above the lagoon’s floor, so as not to extract sediment from the bottom. The total cost of the mobile disinfection unit, along with the site work at both facilities was approximately 40% of the cost of two open channel UV systems – a significant saving.

When one of the lagoons is almost full the mobile unit is driven to the discharge point and connected up. The UV system and suction pump are activated and left running continuously, at a rate of 340 litres/minute, for approximately four weeks or until a third of the contents of the lagoon has been removed. This process can happen at any time of the year, even in the middle of winter, when temperatures can be well below freezing. “This is when the medium pressure UV lamps really come into their own,” comments Doug Mitch. “Below +10C, the disinfection effectiveness (as measured by relative UV output) of low pressure UV drops off dramatically, while the effectiveness of medium pressure UV is virtually unchanged, even below freezing.”

Another benefit of medium pressure UV is its permanent effect on microorganisms. UV is part of the electromagnetic spectrum between visible light and X-rays. The specific portion of the UV spectrum between 185-400nm has a strong ‘germicidal’ effect, disrupting the DNA of microorganisms, rendering them unable to reproduce. Microbial DNA absorbs UV most effectively at 265nm, a wavelength that medium pressure lamps produce in abundance. In addition to emitting UV at this optimum ‘peak’ wavelength, medium pressure lamps also emit UV over a much broader range of wavelengths (between about 185 – 400nm) than low pressure lamps. This broad output, has been shown in independent tests to cause permanent inactivation of both pathogenic and non-pathogenic microorganisms such as E.coli  (references 1, 2, 3).

Low pressure UV lamps produce just a single peak of UV output at 254nm. While also having a strong germicidal effect, the independent tests mentioned above showed that some microorganisms were able to repair or ‘reactivate’ themselves after exposure to UV from low pressure lamps, especially if they are subsequently exposed to sunlight (known as photoreactivation) – as is often the case in wastewater treatment facilities.

It is thought that the permanent damage caused by medium pressure UV may be a result of the UV at other wavelengths, such as 240nm and 280nm, having an effect on other intracellular molecules such as RNA and enzymes, which are unable to repair themselves.

The implications of these findings are important for owners and operators of wastewater treatment facilities, who need to be sure that the treatment is permanent. This is especially the case when the treated liquid will subsequently be exposed to light and make its way back into the environment. Zimmer at al (reference 1) suggest that medium pressure UV could therefore provide better protection against photoreactivation if UV treatment occurs prior to any process units in which water is exposed to light for even a short time.

Another interesting feature of the two installations is that the transmissivity* of the wastewater passing through the UV chambers is relatively low. The Tribes have a permit for a T10 transmittance value** of 20% and a TSS (Total Suspended Solids) value of 30%. What these values mean in practice is that the wastewater would appear rather ‘cloudy’ to the naked eye – drinking water would be required to be of much higher quality. “The UV has to work hard to penetrate the full distance from the UV lamp, which runs down the centre of the treatment chamber, to its inner surface, and the fact that the wastewater coming out of the UV units into the rivers meets all the required permits is a real testament to the effectiveness of the technology,” adds Mitch.

In 2007 there was algal infestation of one of the lagoons which prevented the UV system from working optimally, due to the reduced transmissivity. The tribe replaced the pipes linking the aeration lagoon with the secondary lagoon and applied chemical treatment to remove the algae, and since then there have been no reported problems.

“Because the access roads to the lagoons are quite bumpy, care needs to be taken when transporting the mobile unit from one site to the other,” reports Mitch. “While this is a minor inconvenience, it is more than offset by the huge cost savings. The initial estimate for fixed, open channel UV disinfection systems was approximately US$100,000 at each site. The mobile unit, including all the UV equipment, cost just US$60,000. With savings like that, a little careful driving every few months is a very small price to pay. We are very proud of the project as it addressed the technical disinfection needs of the community, with proper attention paid to their cost and value concerns. It also provides the Tribes with a highly versatile disinfection system,” he concluded.

The Confederated Salish and Kootenai Tribes are comprised of the Bitterroot Salish, the Pend d’Oreille and the Kootenai tribes. The Flathead Reservation of 1.317 million acres in northwest Montana is now the Tribe’s home, but their ancestors lived in the territory now known as western Montana, parts of Idaho, British Columbia and Wyoming. The original territory exceeded 20 million acres at the time of the 1855 Hellgate Treaty, when most of their land was signed away to the US Government. More information about the Tribes can be found on their official website at www.cskt.org  .

* Transmissivity is a measure of the wastewater’s ability to transmit UV light at the germicidal wavelengths

**  T10 is the percent of UV radiation flux power remaining after passing through a layer of 10 mm in thickness, measured at a wavelength of 253.7nm

References:

1. Zimmer, J. L., Slawson, R. M. & Huck, P.M. (2002). Potential repair of Escherichia coli DNA following exposure to UV radiation from both medium- and low-pressure UV sources used in drinking water treatment. Applied & Environmental Microbiology, Vol. 68, No. 7, 3293-3299.

2. Oguma, K., Katayama, H. & Ohgaki, S. (2002). Photoreactivation of Escherichia coli after Low- and Medium-Pressure UV Disinfection Determined by an Endonuclease Sensitivity Site Assay. Applied & Environmental Microbiology, Vol. 68, No. 12, 6029-6035.

3. Hu J. Y.,  Chu, S. N.,  Quek, P. H., Feng, Y. Y.,  and Tan, X. L. (2005). Repair and regrowth of Escherichia coli after low- and medium-pressure ultraviolet disinfection. Water Science and Technology: Water Supply, Vol. 5, No. 5, 101-108.

Film explains basics of operating a medium pressure UV disinfection system

Erlanger, Kentucky (March 18, 2009) – A new video from UV disinfection specialist Aquionics explains the basics of operating medium pressure UV disinfection systems. Aimed at managers and operators at water and wastewater treatment and reuse installations, it talks the viewer through setting up a system for the first time and shows the ease of replacing the UV lamps and quartz sleeve wipers.

Commenting on the video, Aquionics’ President Bill Decker says, “We decided to commission the film as a way of educating our customers as to just how easy it is to use our medium pressure UV disinfection technology. The short movie talks the viewer through the entire process, from switching on a system for the first time to periodic replacement the o-ring wipers on the quartz sleeves. We plan to follow it up with a film about UV systems for industrial applications.”

A quote at the end of the film sums up the ease of using UV: “We installed three Aquionics medium pressure InLine UV systems over six years ago and they have performed exactly as expected. The excessive man-hours required to keep an open channel unit clean was a large factor in choosing the Aquionics closed channel system.” (Michael West, Plant Manager, Flat Creek Water Reclamation Facility, Gwinnett County, GA).

Aquionics’ UV disinfection systems are the first closed vessel, medium pressure systems in the world to be validated for wastewater reuse applications in accordance with AwwaRF/NWRI* guidelines. Having undergone third party validation testing by Carollo Engineers, they have now been formally approved for post-filtration and reverse osmosis applications by the California Department of Public Health (Title-22 validation).

Wastewater reuse has been practiced in various forms for decades, with the USA leading the way in reuse research. It is now a major issue, with large areas of the Western and Southern states experiencing chronic water shortages. The problem is becoming more acute with population growth, with many of the most arid states, such as Nevada and Arizona, experiencing rapid increases in their urban populations in recent years. Large-scale reuse projects are now also being considered in other water-poor regions of the world such as Australia, China and southern Europe.

The most common method of wastewater disinfection for reuse has long been chlorination. Despite chlorine’s impressive track record, concerns regarding disinfection by-products (DBPs) and, more recently, disinfection performance with respect to pathogen inactivation, are driving the conversion from chlorine disinfection to other disinfection methods such as UV, which does not produce any significant DBPs.

Closed vessel UV systems are easy to install within existing pipework, so there is minimal disruption to plant operation. Day to day operation is simple and maintenance is minor. The only regular requirement is changing the UV lamps and wiper rings once a year, a straightforward operation that can be carried out by on-site personnel.

Potential applications for wastewater reuse are extremely wide-ranging and include any instance where water is needed for non-potable use. The most popular and widespread use is for agricultural irrigation, with California and Florida leading the way. Other irrigation uses include landscape and recreational applications such as golf courses, parks, and lawns.

Reclaimed wastewater is also used for groundwater recharge applications such as aquifer storage and recovery or preventing saltwater intrusion in coastal aquifers. Other uses include toilet and urinal flushing, fire fighting, foundation stabilization in the construction industry and artificial snow generation. In all these applications, reuse wastewater relieves the burden on existing municipal potable supplies.

“We are extremely pleased that we have achieved this important validation,” commented Aquionics’ President Bill Decker. “Our state-of-the-art technology uses UV sensors to actually measure how the UV systems are performing. This permits much greater control while saving energy, especially when compared to the existing methods of applying crude safety factors to systems that use high numbers of lamps or are unwiped.”

* National Water Research Institute (www.nwri-usa.org) / American Water Works Research Foundation (www.waterresearchfoundation.org)

UV disinfection specialist Aquionics has appointed Oliver Lawal as its new Vice President. Having worked in the US, UK and Germany, Oliver has over ten years global knowledge of UV products and applications. In this new role he will work with existing product lines from Aquionics and its two sister companies, Berson UV-techniek in the Netherlands and Hanovia Limited in the United Kingdom, as well as overseeing the development of new product lines and applications.

He joins Aquionics from ITT-WEDECO, where he most recently served as Director of Engineering, responsible for new development. During his time with WEDECO he was responsible for project managing many large UV installations around the world, including the world’s largest UV wastewater treatment installation, in Manukau, New Zealand. 

Oliver holds a Bachelors Degree in Integrated Engineering Systems from Manchester University in the United Kingdom, is a Chartered Engineer and member of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers (UK). He also actively serves on a number of industry committees, including the International Ultraviolet Association, where he chairs the Manufacturers’ Council, the American Water Works Association UV Standards Committee, and the Water & Environment Federation’s Disinfection Committee.

The need for disinfection

Cooling towers are used to dissipate heat produced by industrial processes such as power generation, oil refining and chemical processing. They generally work in two ways, either through the evaporation of water to remove heat and cool the process fluid, or relying solely on air to cool the fluid. Towers utilizing water evaporation are an ideal breeding ground for microorganisms – many of them pathogenic – which thrive in the warm, wet conditions, forming ‘biofilms’. Various species of Legionella bacteria, the cause of Legionnaires’ disease in humans, are commonly associated with cooling towers and must be controlled by law. In addition to the health risks for surrounding populations, biofilms also cause many mechanical problems with the cooling process, such as a reduction in heat transfer, microbial corrosion, interference with the effectiveness of corrosion inhibitors, and disruption of water flow.

There are several ways of controlling microbial infection, including biocides such as chlorine, chlorine dioxide, hypobromite and ozone. In addition, a non-chemical method that is gaining increasing acceptance is ultraviolet (UV) disinfection.

Whatever treatment method is used faces many demands and needs to meet the following criteria:

• it should be effective against all microorganisms
• it should work fast
• it should have a residual effect
• it should be cost effective
• it should be easy to use
• it should have minimal environmental impact

It is often recommended that two treatment methods are used simultaneously to control biofilms and Legionella. UV, in combination with another biocide, meets all of the above criteria, with much reduced reliance on the secondary biocide.

The advantages of disinfection using UV

UV disinfection, with secondary dosing using a suitable biocide, is in fact one of the most cost-effective and efficient methods of reducing biofilms in cooling tower water. UV works instantaneously against all water-borne microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, molds, spores and protozoa – including those resistant to chlorine. UV systems are also very easy to use and can be effectively monitored and integrated with online process control systems.

The only other requirement is residual disinfection. Because UV has no residual effect it cannot reduce levels of bacteria colonizing pipework walls. To achieve this, dosing with a secondary biocide is therefore required. Even though residual disinfection is always required, UV dramatically reduces the required frequency and level of secondary dosing and therefore reduces the costs and safety issues associated with purchasing, handling and transporting chemicals.

UV disinfection systems are very compact, modular and easy to install into existing water treatment systems. In addition, secondary dosing does not require the complex monitoring equipment necessary if biocides are used as a primary disinfectant. In addition, UV does not cause the formation of chemical disinfection by-products, many of which can have undesired effects of their own.

How UV works

UV is the part of the electromagnetic spectrum between visible light and X-rays. The specific portion of the UV spectrum between 185-400nm (also known as UV-C) has a strong germicidal effect, with peak effectiveness at 265nm. At these wavelengths UV kills microorganisms by penetrating their cell membranes and damaging the DNA, making them unable to reproduce and effectively killing them.

A typical UV disinfection system consists of a UV lamp housed in a protective quartz sleeve which is mounted within a cylindrical stainless steel chamber. The water to be treated enters at one end and passes along the entire length of the chamber before exiting at the other end.

UV system design

UV systems for cooling water treatment should be installed post-filtration. The UV dose received by a microorganism is dependent on the energy output of the UV lamp, the flow rate of the water, the ability of the water to transmit UV (its transmittance value) and also the geometry of the treatment chamber. Proper design of the treatment chamber must take all of these factors into account. Transmittance is especially important and is a measure of the amount of UV light absorbed or scattered by suspended material in the water. This can vary considerably depending on the source of the water and its level of purity, so a transmittance test should always be carried out to determine correct UV system design.

As flow rates increase, chamber size and lamp power output can be increased as required. For larger flows, multiple chambers are used, in series or in parallel, until the required degree of disinfection is reached. The use of high intensity, medium pressure UV lamps is recommended to treat large flow rates, as these produce a high UV output without taking up valuable space.

Reliable disinfection requires that a constant UV dose is applied to the water. Power transformers are available to absorb fluctuations in power supply whilst maintaining constant power to the UV lamp(s). Power switching options are also available, adjusting the lamp power on-line as the water flow or the quality of the water changes. The power switching option maintains a constant, pre-determined UV dose level whilst ensuring maximum energy efficiency.

In most disinfection systems an instantaneous means of monitoring UV effectiveness is desirable. With chemical dosing techniques, disinfection is presumed to have been effective after a certain dose has been applied. Similarly with UV, if a minimum dose of UV energy, calculated from the maximum flow rate and taking into account the transmittance of the water, can be shown to have reached the outer surface of the treatment chamber (where the UV monitor is situated) then the necessary disinfection has taken place. The UV monitor can detect variations in the transmittance value of the water and helps to adjust the UV output accordingly, ensuring consistent UV disinfection at all times.

Conclusion

If used in conjunction with a secondary chemical biocide, UV disinfection is one of the most cost-effective methods of controlling biofilms in cooling tower water. UV is especially effective against the Legionella bacterium, a microorganism which thrives in the warm, wet, sheltered environment of a cooling tower. UV works instantly and is effective against all water-borne microorganisms, including those resistant to chlorine. The treatment systems are very compact and can usually be easily retrofitted to existing water treatment systems. In addition, secondary dosing does not require the complex monitoring equipment necessary if biocides are used as a primary disinfectant. All these factors add up to a simple, effective treatment process that saves the operator time and money while providing reliable protection against the spread of dangerous diseases.

Aquionics technology replaces low pressure, multi-lamp system

A wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in Richmond, BC, Canada, has opted to replace its existing low pressure UV disinfection system with a medium pressure UV system from Aquionics Inc. The WWTP serves the Riverport Sports and Entertainment Complex and surrounding residential areas in the City of Richmond, south of Vancouver.

The facility decided to switch to medium pressure UV because cleaning the low pressure system was proving to be very difficult. Each of the two disinfection chambers in the old system contained 24 low pressure lamps – automatic wiping is not an option with that number of lamps, so cleaning had to be done either manually or with chemicals. Both of these methods is extremely time consuming and requires the entire system to be shut down.

The operators therefore decided to look at other options, and medium pressure UV seemed an obvious alternative. While having a similar footprint, medium pressure systems utilise UV lamps with a much higher UV output than low pressure lamps. In fact, only two lamps per disinfection chamber are required for the same level of disinfection. Each of the medium pressure lamps is fitted with a mechanical wiper, which automatically moves up and down the lamp’s protective quartz sleeve, keeping it clean. This is simply not possible with multi-lamp, low pressure systems. Periodic chemical cleaning of the medium pressure lamps, if required, is simple and can be done by injecting the chemical into the treatment chamber where it cleans the lamps ‘in-line’, without the necessity of removing the lamps or shutting down the system.

How UV works

UV is the part of the electromagnetic spectrum between visible light and X-rays. The specific portion of the UV spectrum between 185-400nm has a strong ‘germicidal’ effect, disrupting the DNA of microorganisms, rendering them unable to reproduce. It is generally accepted that microbial DNA absorbs UV most effectively at 265nm, a wavelength that MP lamps produce in abundance. In addition to emitting UV at this optimum ‘peak’ wavelength,  medium pressure lamps also emit UV over a much broader range of wavelengths (between about 185 – 400nm) than low pressure lamps. This broad output, has been shown in independent tests to cause permanent inactivation of both pathogenic and non-pathogenic microorganisms such as E.coli  (references 1, 2, 3).

Low pressure UV lamps, on the other hand, produce just a single peak of UV output at 254nm. While also having a strong germicidal effect, the independent tests mentioned above showed that some microorganisms were able to repair or ‘reactivate’ themselves after exposure to UV from low pressure lamps, especially if they are subsequently exposed to sunlight (known as photoreactivation) – as is often the case in wastewater treatment facilities.

It is thought that the permanent damage caused by medium pressure UV may be a result of the UV at other wavelengths, such as 240nm and 280nm, having an effect on other intracellular molecules such as RNA and enzymes, which are unable to repair themselves.

The implications of the research into photoreactivation are far-reaching. For any industry where UV is used to disinfect water or wastewater, the operator needs to be sure that the treatment is permanent. This is especially the case when the treated liquid will subsequently be exposed to light and make its way back into the environment. Zimmer at al (reference 1) suggest that medium pressure UV could therefore provide better protection against photoreactivation if UV treatment occurs prior to any process units in which water is exposed to light for even a short time. According to their study, “Using low pressure UV in this type of situation should be avoided, since repair occurs rapidly following exposure to light.” A much larger research effort into the area of photoreactivation is still required, however, especially research involving real water and wastewater treatment plants.

The two Aquionics medium pressure units installed at the Riverport facility are situated after a Sequencing Batch Reactor and treat a combined flow of up to 2271 litres per minute (600 gallons per minute) of wastewater from the adjacent sports complex and residential areas. The disinfected wastewater is discharged into the Fraser River and meets all necessary quality standards for emission into watercourses.

Each of the two UV chambers is fitted with a UV monitor which measures actual UV intensity and dose from the two lamps. This provides real-time disinfection information which can be downloaded for record keeping. Operating the UV system is simple and, when lamps need replacing, it can easily be carried out by on-site staff.

The Riverport Sports and Entertainment Complex is a major development covering 14.5 hectares (36 acres) in southern Richmond, BC. It contains shops and restaurants, cinemas, bowling alleys, ice rinks swimming pools and spas. The WWTP is a private facility serving the complex and some surrounding residential areas. The complex is situated along a stretch of the Fraser River known as the Fraser River Port, which begins at the mouth of the river and extends 270 kilometres (168 miles) inland. 38.8 million tonnes of cargo are shipped through the port annually, making it the second largest in Canada.

References:

1. Zimmer, J. L., Slawson, R. M. & Huck, P.M. Potential repair of Escherichia coli DNA following exposure to UV radiation from both medium- and low-pressure UV sources used in drinking water treatment. Applied & Environmental Microbiology, Vol. 68 (2002), No. 7, 3293-3299.
2. Oguma, K., Katayama, H. & Ohgaki, S. Photoreactivation of Escherichia coli after Low- and Medium-Pressure UV Disinfection Determined by an Endonuclease Sensitivity Site Assay. Applied & Environmental Microbiology, Vol. 68 (2002), No. 12, 6029-6035.
3. Hu J. Y.,  Chu, S. N.,  Quek, P. H., Feng, Y. Y.,  and Tan, X. L. (2005). Repair and regrowth of Escherichia coli after low- and medium-pressure ultraviolet disinfection. Water Science and Technology: Water Supply, Vol. 5, No. 5, 101-108.

UV disinfection specialist Aquionics will be showing its industrial UV disinfection systems at the 50th Annual InterBev Convention and Trade Show in Las Vegas, NV in September (booth 673 ).

Among the new products on show will be the AF3 industrial UV system. Capable of handling flows between 400 and 13,300 gallons per hour (1.5 and 51.0 m3 per hour) with lamp outputs ranging from 51 to 270 watts, the AF3 series uses low pressure amalgam UV lamps. The units have a small footprint and can easily be installed within existing pipework, vertically or horizontally, even in very restricted spaces. They can be fitted either with automatic wipers or quick release Tri-Clamps, both of which keep the quartz sleeves surrounding the UV lamps clean and clear of deposits, ensuring optimum UV output at all times.

A selection of Aquionics’ other UV systems will also be on display, including a transparent model showing the internal workings of a typical UV system. Experts will be on hand at all times to provide technical expertise and answer questions on the applications and advantages of UV in beverage manufacturing.

UV disinfection specialist Aquionics will be showing its validated, medium pressure InLine+ UV system at this year’s WEFTEC Technical Exhibition & Conference in Chicago, Illinois. The InLine+, which is specially optimized to treat high volume water and wastewater flows, is validated under the German DVGW* standard for drinking water and is currently undergoing US EPA drinking water validation.

A selection of Aquionics’ other UV systems will also be on display, including a transparent model showing the internal workings of a UV system, such as the lamp wiper mechanism. Experts will be on hand at all times to provide technical expertise and answer questions.

WEFTEC Technical Exhibition & Conference
October 18-22, 2008
McCormick Place
Chicago, IL
Aquionics Booth No: 32109

* German Technical and Scientific Association for Gas and Water